Significance of Using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDX) for Analysis of Evidence Material in Forensic Sciences

Jumisree Sarmah Pathak , Arvind Kumar Saxena — Mon, 01 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Forensic applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) are found mostly in areas where there is a need for good imaging at relatively high magnifications. SEM enables the forensic scientist to examine specimens at much higher magnification than those possible with optical microscopy and without the difficulties of specimen preparation associated with conventional electron microscope. Physicochemical examinations of gunshot residues, called also chemical ballistics, are helpful, e.g. in identification of damages and injuries as the effect of the use of firearms (with indicating the entrance and exit of projectile), estimation of the shooting distance and also establishing, whether a person has used a firearm. It is discussed in details that Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) can serve as a powerful tool for forensic scientists to classify and discriminate evidence material because they can simultaneously examine the morphology and the elemental composition of objects.

Assessment of Wind Resource and Its Energy Potential in Three States of Northwest Nigeria

Akpaneno A. Francis , Idris Aminu Usman — Tue, 02 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The growing need for clean energy to address the environmental issues caused by the usage of fossil fuels results to the need for Nigeria to develop an alternative energy from untapped wind which is in abundance in the region. The aim of this study is to evaluate wind power potential and wind energy resources of three locations (Kaduna, Kano and Katsina) of northwestern part of Nigeria. The Nigerian Meteorological agency (NIMET) provided the wind speed data spanning 25 years (1996-2020). In the analysis, Weibull two-parameter statistical model was used. The distribution of wind speed across Nigeria demonstrates that some areas in the North are equipped to generate wind. Microsoft excel was used in analyzing the wind speed data obtained. In addition, evaluation of the region’s wind energy resources shows that Kano recorded the highest potential, with WPD of 443.03 Wm-2 at 10m AGL with annual WED of 4.921 kWhm-2day-1 while Kaduna recorded the lowest potential of 198.43 Wm-2 with annual WED of 2.093 kWhm-2day-1. As a result, Kaduna is found to be ideal for small scale wind power generation, while Kano and Katsina may be suitable for large scale wind power generation.

Asian Journal of Research and Reviews in Physics

Significance of Using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM-EDX) for Analysis of Evidence Material in Forensic Sciences

Assessment of Wind Resource and Its Energy Potential in Three States of Northwest Nigeria